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Schedule a Consultation →What Is OPT?
OPT is work authorization available to F-1 students for practical training directly related to their major area of study. You have two types: Pre-Completion OPT (before you finish your degree) and Post-Completion OPT (after graduation, the most common). Standard OPT lasts 12 months.
Applying for OPT: Timeline Is Critical
You can apply for OPT up to 90 days before your graduation date and must apply no later than 60 days after your program end date. USCIS takes 3 to 5 months to process OPT applications, so apply early. Your DSO first issues an OPT I-20, and then you file Form I-765 with USCIS.
STEM OPT Extension
If you graduated with a degree in Science, Technology, Engineering, or Mathematics (STEM), you may qualify for a 24-month STEM OPT extension, giving you a total of 36 months of OPT work authorization. To apply, you must: be working for an E-Verify employer, have your employer sign Form I-983 (Training Plan), and apply within 60 days of your standard OPT expiration date.
The Cap-Gap for H-1B Applicants
If your employer files an H-1B petition for you during the annual lottery (filed April 1, starting October 1), and your OPT expires before October 1, a special 'cap-gap' rule automatically extends your OPT through September 30. This allows you to continue working without interruption while awaiting H-1B approval.
What If OPT Is Denied or Delayed?
OPT denials are rare but do occur, usually for late applications, incomplete filings, or eligibility issues. If denied, you cannot legally work. Delays are more common, apply as early as possible. If your EAD (work permit) does not arrive before your OPT start date, you cannot begin work until it does.
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Call (407) 275-6163Frequently Asked Questions
Can I change jobs during OPT?
Yes, as long as your new job is related to your field of study. Report employer changes to your DSO within 10 days. Unemployment periods during OPT are limited to 90 days total.
What STEM degrees qualify for the extension?
USCIS uses an approved STEM designated degree program list, updated periodically. Common qualifying fields include computer science, engineering, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, and business analytics.
Can I use OPT to work for multiple employers?
Yes, but each employer must be related to your field of study. If you are self-employed, your business must be in your field of study.
Does OPT count toward the 5-year Green Card wait?
No. F-1/OPT is nonimmigrant status and does not count toward the 5-year (or 3-year) continuous residence requirement for naturalization. Only time as a permanent resident counts.
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